How to digest 36 weekly podcasts without spending 36 hours listening | Tomasz Tunguz

I have a list of 36 podcasts, but I don't have 36 hours every week to listen to 36 podcasts. >> So, what I did is I created a system that goes through each of those podcasts every day and downloads the podcast files and then transcribes them. >> Can you show us how it's actually built? Like where do you get this feed? It sounds like you run it locally. How does this all work? >> I wrote this thing called the Parakeet podcast processor. And this podcast processor basically takes in a file and what it'll do is it will read the file. It'll download it and then it'll convert it via ffmpeg. Then that will take the audio and convert it to text. So here's the podcast summaries for today. So there's Lenny's podcast, the host, the guests, a comprehensive summary. So here's a conversation with Bob Baxley, key topics, and then key themes. The part that's most valuable for me are these quotes. And those quotes, I'll read them. It'll suggest a bunch of actionable investment thesis for a venture capital firm which is put into the prompt like okay maybe we should be looking at AI assisted design tools. >> You've gotten not only the content you want but the user experience you want you control it end to end and you can build this hyperpersonalized software experience. Welcome back to how I AI. I'm Clarvo product leader and AI obsessive here on a mission to help you build better with these new tools. Today I have Tom Tungus, a legend in the enterprise software business and founder of Theory Ventures, which invests in early stage enterprise AI, data, and blockchain companies. Tom is followed by over a half a million folks on his blog and LinkedIn. And he's going to show us today how he uses AI to keep up with all the podcasts, including this one, and draft blog posts that would be approved by your AP English teacher. Let's get to it. This episode is brought to you by Notion. Notion is now your do everything AI tool for work. With new AI meeting notes, enterprise search, and research mode, everyone on your team gets a notetaker, researcher, doc, drafter, brainstormer. Your new AI team is here right where your team already works. I've been a longtime Notion user and have been using the new Notion AI features for the last few weeks. I can't imagine working without them. AI meeting notes are a gamecher. The summaries are accurate and extracting action items is super useful for standups, team meetings, one-on ones, customer interviews, and yes, podcast prep. Notion's AI meeting notes are now an essential part of my team's workflow. The fastest growing companies like OpenAI, Ramp, Verscell, and Cursor all use Notion to get more done. Try all of Notion's new AI features for free by signing up with your work email at notion.com/ how I AI. To celebrate 25,000 YouTube followers on how I AAI, we're doing a giveaway. You can win a free year to my favorite AI products including VZero, Replet, Lovable, Bolt, Cursor, and of course, ChatPD by leaving a rating and review on your favorite podcast app and subscribing to YouTube. To enter, simply go to how ai pod.com/giveaway, read the rules, and leave us a review, and subscribe. Enter by the end of August and we will announce our winners in September. Thanks for listening. Okay, Tom, I'm so happy to have you here because you are going to show us how you are solving a problem I'm creating for you. And the problem the problem I'm creating for you is I am creating yet another piece of interesting content that you have no time to consume. certainly the format that we get it out and I know TEU content is a really interesting source of ideas of trends of companies. So tell us what you built and why. >> Absolutely. Well, thanks for having me on. So I I don't I prefer to read than to listen uh because I can skip ahead and I think there's a lot of information inside of podcasts that people share that I would love to know. And so I built I guess what I call a podcast ripper. And the idea is I have a list of 36 podcasts, this one included, that I really admire and I want I want to learn from, but I don't have 36 hours every week to listen to 36 podcasts, right? So what I did is I created a system that goes through each of those podcasts every day and downloads the podcast uh files and then transcribes them using initially it was open source or open AAI is open source whisper which takes audio and converts it to text and then there's a new version called parakeet which Nvidia released that runs really well on a Mac and so I'll take that text and then I'll run it through a prompt and it will spit out a whole bunch of different things. uh it'll spit out high level summary or whatever I ask it to. >> Okay. Can you show us how it's actually built? Like where do you get this feed? Do you It sounds like you run it locally. How does this all work? >> So I initially downloaded the Whisper app and what I did is I wrote this thing called the Parakeet podcast processor. And this podcast processor basically takes in a file and what it'll do is it will read the file. It'll download it and then it'll convert it via ffmpeg which is a library that converts different kinds of files and that will take the audio and convert it to text. And then I use uh Gemma 3 which is really good at this to actually clean up the transcript. So, if we search for the Olama model, basically what I'm doing is I'm just cleaning up the file here. Your transcript editor, clean up this podcast while preserving all the content, keep the same length, remove the ums and the o's, preserve all technical conversations. And that returns a clean transcript. And so on a given day, there might be five or six different transcripts that need to be transcribed. And then what I'll do is it runs through the parakeet podcast orchestrator. Actually, it's just a podcast orchestrator which is here. And so I'm storing each of the files that I'm transcribing in a local duct DB which is a little database that says I process this particular podcast on this particular day. And then I save the transcripts and I take all the transcripts on that particular day from the database which is here. And then I send them through a prompt which see if we can find it. Summarizes here the daily summarizer. So it generates a daily summary document um which is here. It'll produce a file that looks like this. So here's the podcast summaries for today June the 13th. So there's Lenny's podcast, the host, the guest, a comprehensive summary. So here's a conversation with Bob Baxley. uh key topics. So here he's talking about his philosophy, company culture, and then key themes. And the the key the the part that's most valuable for me are these quotes. And those quotes are then, you know, I'll read them. It'll suggest a bunch of actionable investment thesis for a venture capital firm, which is put into the prompt like, okay, maybe you should be we should be looking at AI assisted design tools. And then that might kick off a market map. we're really thesis driven. So maybe that starts a conversation on a Monday and we decide to staff a market. Then it'll produce these noteworthy observations which are uh actually put into tweets. So here are the Twitter post suggestions. So I haven't done this yet. I'm still working on the prompt, but the idea is like could we actually automate like linking back to people who we really like? And then another part, this is a little out of order, but another part here is are there startups that are mentioned within these podcasts that we should know? Right? So, here's Airbnb, Google, Amazon, Stripe. We know all these guys. I don't know what this company is. And so, this might go into our CRM, right, to be enriched. And and then the last is we'll actually generate prompts for blog posts in the style that I write. And then this will go into a Python pipeline to actually machine generate uh blog posts. So before before we get to the the um machine automated AI blog post pipeline, I have a couple questions about this process because I think you did a couple interesting things. One, I have a question if you found higher quality by cleaning up the transcripts like how much did that incremental input quality piece actually help your your output? >> So it helped. So initially I was trying to get the answer was initially a lot and then over time less because initially what I was trying to do was to find these companies I was using named entity extraction algorithms from Stanford there's a Python library and uh it was having a really hard time uh and so I was cleaning up cleaning it up to try to get the performance to improve and then I just pushed it to a really large large language model and it spit it out much better and so the cleaning is not that useful anymore. >> Yeah, I was looking because I was looking at it and you were focusing on like proper nouns, company names, and so I'm assuming if you want to extract something like stripe, which has many many meanings, um getting it into a proper noun format, for example, would help with that extraction. But you're saying as you could just use as opposed to these kind of package libraries for specific machine learning use cases instead just send it to an LLM that ended up just meaning you could worry less about the input quality of of your transcripts and more about the kind of prompting and structure here of the output. >> Yeah, that's exactly right. So my goal initially was to do everything locally and so I was using Olama. I was using that Stanford library parakeet is run locally. >> And then what I realized is particularly for the named entity extraction more powerful machines are much better. >> Yeah. And so and then I have to ask another question which is everybody's going to look at this and they're going to go what the hell does he typing in? Like we have a couple people that are like why in the terminal? So I'm just curious you know did you ever think about putting a UI on top of this? Do you just you seem very comfortable in the terminal so it seems to work for you. I'm just curious about where you decided to focus your uh user experience efforts on this personal >> well I love the term I read this blog post by Danlu with two U's where he was talking about latency and the latency between like the keyboard and the computer and it turns out that the terminal is actually the application with the lowest latency and the lower the latency the less frustration you have using a computer. So during COVID, I decided to learn how to use a terminal and since then I've sort of lived in it and so like my email client is a terminal based email client and I you I use that because it's really fast and then I can also script different things. So I can delete 10 messages at once or I can call an AI to actually automatically respond to an email or add a company to a CRM. So that was really important. But at a high level like I think it's um I've just become really comfortable with it. It's really fast. And then the last thing I'll say is I think Cloud Code is an amazing product. And the great part about what Cloud Code does is I have about 2,000 blog posts. I can just go into Cloud Code and say modify the files in this way or change the blog post theme or recently I launched a blog post generator which takes all of the content that I have on the blog and you can ask it a question. It will write a blog post for you about your particular question. And I did that all using cloud code. Yeah, I mean I I have two sort of thematic things that I think of while observing this this workflow and your love for the terminal. I agree. Claude Claude Code is an amazing product and it's a really welldesigned terminalbased product. I love it. I love that you have this constrained surface area in which to like communicate progress and latency and changes. And I think it's really thoughtfully designed. So for anybody out there building dev tools in particular, learn how to design in the terminal and it's so so important because you make really fabulous products for I guess people like you and me that say things like I picked up the terminal over co as as my hobby. The second thing that I was thinking about is since generative AI has become mainstream, every single person has said somebody make a podcast digest application. Every single person I know is like it was one of the first projects I made. I made my kids a podcast digest, their favorite podcast, and it made little um >> quizzes about the topics that they could answer. >> Super cute. So, I think it was a very common use case. But what I was thinking is no startup is going to be like, you know, it's going to be huge TAM company, a terminal based podcast transcript processor and thematic extraction generation engine. And I I think this is such a perfect example of like, yeah, there's probably something off the shelf that could do something like this, but you have gotten not only like the content you want, but the user experience you want. You control it end to end and you can build this like hyperpersonalized software experience, which I just it was not possible um or it wasn't um efficient to do I would say uh until very recently. Yeah, it fits it fits the workflow my workflow like a glove, right? And anytime something comes up and changes, like maybe there's a section that's out of order like we found, I can just go into cloud code and update it and it'll be done in 15 to 30 seconds, right? And you know, I really wanted an email of this every day and that was straightforward. So, I agree with you. But I think we're at a place where the marginal friction to achieving a gloveike fit with little utilities that maybe you wouldn't have paid for in the past is now um it's just so it's so quick, right? 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That's mirror o.com. Okay. So, you have taken all this content um including amazing content from the Lenny's Podcast Network and you're processing it. You're extracting themes. You're extracting quotes. You're finding companies that may be interesting to reach out to. You're at least drafting Twitter posts. We will see if those actually get posted um you know in production. And then let's talk about your second workflow which is you extract insights that might be interesting for you to write about or add your perspective on and then you actually turn those into drafts using AI. >> There's a lot of stuff that's happening in the ecosystem and every once in a while I like to write about what somebody said in a in a podcast, right? Um uh and I think today like there I was looking the GitHub CEO is actually interviewed and so Matt Turk interviews who's at another venture firm interviews Thomas and he talks about how AI and coding is the future and so what I really want to do here is let's suppose I really wanted to have a blog post that was tied to this. So what I can do is I say like okay I have this podcast generator and I'll show it to you in a second and what I'll do is I'll take as context the transcription of that podcast which is here um and then I'll define an output file and then I'll give it a little prompt which is like you know he said this quote which is actually within the podcast summary everything that I can easily replace with a single prompt is not going to have any value. it will have the value of the prompt and the inference and the tokens, but that's often a few dollars. And I'll tell it, okay, go look for podcasts that are related to this. And I I've categorized them uh as AI. And then here, actually, there's a bug. So, demo fail. I was trying to fix it before I got on the video, but the searching for the relevant blog post is failing, and I need to figure that out. It's it's run through um Lance DB vector embed in this database. and then it'll generate a blog post. And I'll show you the prompt in a second. And the best well, one of the techniques that I found the most effective when generating blog posts is to ask it to grade it like an AP English teacher. And this goes back to my history. I remember not really loving to write until I took a class with um an army veteran and uh he taught me to really love to write and he was my AP English teacher. And so I really like receiving feedback in that way. grade it on a letter grade and then tell me what I could improve and then I'll iterate with the model until I get to an A minus. >> Got it. And so just before we go into the actual writing and I'd love to see a little bit of this AP English prompt. Are these two pieces connected? Your podcast summaries, do those go into this vector DB that can then be searched through for relevant other podcasts if you're writing on a topic? Like how does this all come together? Yeah. So, right now it's just the blog posts that I've written in the past, the 2,000 blog posts or so that go in. And the major reason I add those as context is I'm trying to capture my style. And I have to tell you like that's really hard. Like I have fine-tuned OpenAI. I had fine-tuned Gemma models. And getting the voice and you'll see it in the output. It sounds like a computer when it writes even with that additional context. And uh it doesn't the other thing that I I have not been able to figure out is I think it's really important in one blog post to link to other blog posts that I've written just because the knowledge builds on itself and obviously outside as well. But I haven't been able to figure out how to get it to link effectively. >> Well, I I think this is a a common feeling with AI generated writing. No one is satisfied with style even when style is exceptional. I think I've seen examples, especially some of the newer commercial models, actually writing really lovely pros and really lovely language. It's just it's so personal what your style is and how you would write something, the rhythm in which you would write it, how would you punctuate and break line, all that kind of stuff is so personal that I have, like you had a very, very hard time getting it to write like me. And I think even harder, which is why I appreciate that you're not yet posting this. It cannot it can't tweet like me. I can't I cannot >> No, the short ones the short ones are the hardest, you know. Um I guess they say that about about writing writing generally. Um h have you felt like any of the models have done better or worse at writing like you or is it just like they only get 70 80% there and I just accept the fact that I'm going to have to rewrite things? >> Well, they have different voices. Um, I don't think any of them are close. Uh, like I think Gemini is more clinical is the way that I put it. >> I agree. >> Claude is more warm and verbose, you know, very very galous, like just wants to keep talking and wants really long sentences and really long paragraphs. Um, and uh, OpenAI, I think the models each have slightly different personality. So there I don't think there's like a single characterization. So I I've been I think I've been iterating to I used to use claude 35 a ton and I uploaded all of my blog posts in a project and I and then I'd have it iterate there. Now I can kind of do it with cloud code or using this prompt. So that's a little less useful. But what I found is um you really need to add your own voice and then you need to tell the AI to keep the things that are wrong, right? Like this it's kind of funny thing to say, but as you were saying, Claire, before the way that you punctuate, I really like amperands, right? And I like adding spaces before colons. And I like starting certain sentences with or having little incomplete clauses um because I think they keep the reader moving. But an an AI won't do that. An AI will only deliver you a grammatically perfect specimen. >> Yeah. We're gonna have one one very nerdy uh English language moment, which is I like to start paragraphs with a conjunction. I love a and or a but. Oh, it pulls you in. >> So, okay, you and I are going to work we'll we'll build like a an a and micro sass on good good writing models um and prompts that that people can use. So, okay. So, we accept that it's not going to write exactly like you, but you've created this grading process to say, well, is at least good? And so I'm curious, can you walk us through how it gets to an A min? >> Yeah. >> But as an A+ student, I don't know, a 91 would really stress me. >> Tell me how you kind of wrote the prompt and then why you picked like a minus as as your bar. >> Yeah, for sure. Okay, so uh the way I broke the prompt, I told it what I wanted. Um, and I asked an AI to critique I think I asked Gemini to create critique Claude's output. So, it's kind of using a student teacher or critique model. And then what it does is we'll walk through the prompt in a second, but it goes through three grading attempts. So, it reads a file, gives it a grade and a score, and then it the things that are the most important that I found particularly for readers are the hook, which is the first few sentences or the lead you might call it. And then the last is the conclusion and making sure it ties back because then you have a complete um you have a complete post. And so it goes through this three times, right? And so you can actually see like here it gave itself a 90 and then a 91. Um and then at that point it basically was good enough. It was satisfied with the hook. So um if we uh let's see if we read the blog post generator um you can see what it does at a high level right so it finds the blog post it generates an initial blog post grades it like an AP English teacher improves um and then autogenerates a URL friendly slug so it actually writes it in the right format and then it can use openAI or then the prompt is here uh you are an expert blog writer specializ izing in technology and business content. And then here I add in the blog posts and it kind of shows the patterns. What it also does is um it dynamically calculates the number of paragraphs from relevant posts and uses lama to summarize the stylistic patterns of those related posts. So, I might write a little bit differently when I'm targeting a web 3 or a crypto audience than say I might when I'm analyzing the public disclosures of a company. Snowflake just announced earnings, let's say. And so, it's dynamically injecting that here. It shows a bunch of different examples. And then, you know, here's what I think makes my blog post tick, right? 500 words or less. I have like 49 seconds with a reader. No section headers. I ran a an analysis of dwell time as a function of how many headers there were and it turns out headers were terrible for dwell time. People just bailed. Uh flowing paragraphs, each paragraph transitions smoothly to the next. Actually, the AI consistently critiques my transitions and says they're too harsh. And going back to the A minus point that you made before, I think I lose five or six points because of my transitions because they're abrupt. and then you know limit each paragraph to at most two long sentences and then the structure of the blog post. >> I I think this is a really interesting towards the top and I want to make sure people don't miss it. I've seen this before which is like take this example and describe it back to me and use it. And so you're saying I'm writing on this topic go find the blog post like this topic analyze them for format like what is what is the structure? how am I writing things and match stylistically match this subset of of my blog posts because I do vary style by topic. >> Exactly right. Exactly right >> thing. Okay. And then two sent I was not expecting this two sentences per paragraph thing. I I like it. >> Yeah. >> I have one more question for you as somebody who did take AP English. So, this is um perfect for you. Did you actually do they publish the AP English like grading standards for the tests? Like, did you integrate any of that? Is it just sufficient enough to say AP English teacher? I'm just curious how deep you went. >> Yeah, I just said AP English teacher. I figure there are enough people leaking either like the scoring rubrics or essays that scored fives or whatever it was. >> Got it. >> That there's good underlying data. >> Okay. So, this is for writing it. And then what about for grading it? Do you have that prompt? >> Here's the grading prompt. So you're an experienced English teacher. Here's a letter grade, numerical score, and then here are the evaluations, the hook, which you know, argument clarity, evidence and examples, paragraph structure, conclusion strength, overall engagement. >> Got it. And have you ever gotten B's and C's on >> Yeah, for sure. >> Consistently getting like 91%. I I always wonder about this because I do think these models are positively inclined towards telling you you've done good work. I found that consistently. I've always had to say be more harsh, be more critical, call out where I'm doing things wrong. So I'm curious, do you actually get high variability in this in these gradings or you know what has been your experience? >> Yeah, absolutely. So another so this is one pathway for I mean the podcast to blog post data pipeline is one pathway for generating blog post. Another one is just an idea comes to me. And so then what I'll do is I'll just literally dictate. Um I'll dictate I'll put it in and I'll pass it into the blog post generator and then have it grade. And there I've seen C minuses. Right. >> Got it. >> Um yeah. >> So it's easier when it's grading itself and a little harder when it's grading you. >> This is super interesting. And then in the you do it three loops. Do you also get high variability between the loops? Do you find that that that threetime process is actually additive to the evaluation? >> I do. I think I often see the first one like a what like a 91 and then the second one will dip into the BB+ range and then it'll pop back up. >> Yep. >> So it's a little bit explore exploit again most of the time for me it's around those transitions and most of the time the verbosity of those transitions that the AI injects is just like catastrophic. I mean it doubles the length of the uh blog post. Um and then the third the third iteration tends to then kind of rein reinforce the brevity. >> Got it. And um my kids are too small for AP English to be something that I have to worry about yet. But meta question, you know, everybody's so worried about students using AI to write. I'm This seems like such a more fair way to evaluate writing. I'm curious. Do you think we're going to see more and more of this site this type of evaluation in academic setting? And do you think teachers could benefit from, you know, checking their own work when they're grading these things that are a little harder to put quantitative or qualitative feedback against? >> Yeah, I think it's a great first pass filter. Like 80% of the work, what's going on grammatically? Are you using sentences and conjunctions and dangling modifiers and all that stuff? Like I think that um the wrote analysis of the logic of that language should be handled by an AI, >> right? >> And then I think there's this other part which is the stylist. I mean you look at I was reading EE Cummings poems last week and you look at the creativity of some of those poems. Um, and I, you know, I think it only comes after you have the mastery of the language, but you'd want, you'd want teachers to be free to champion that or encourage it. I think it's really just just just as important. >> Yeah. So, for the students listening, you know, I still think it's good to learn to write, uh, to read a lot, to learn to write, to write yourself. And if you're looking for a place to practically apply AI to your writing work, maybe it's as a a first pass grade. Say, if you were my teacher, how would you grade this? And what feedback would you give me? As opposed to, if you were me, how would you write this? Maybe that's the right way to get students starting to use AI in a practical way that still allows you to develop these hard skills that I think are going to be continue to be super relevant. >> Could not agree with you more. I mean, oftentimes, I don't know about you, but I'll run into writer's block or I'll have an idea that I really want to convey, but it's just a soup in my mind. And there an AI will help you iterate and refine. And often it'll give you the the germ of an idea and then you'll take it and add your specific lens to it. But um but yeah, I think it's a wonderful learning tool because you have the feedback so quickly. >> Yep. Exactly. Okay. So, you have shown us just taking Zoom back 30 something podcasts you process on a daily basis. You create summaries, you extract themes, you extract tweets, you extract topics. Those topics then go into another um Python script that writes a blog post based on some other relevant blog posts in your own um blog writes the blog post on demand AP English teacher to grade you three times and then you take the final pen and then is AI post like do you have it just like an agent going sender you >> that I don't that would be awesome But no, that that's still done the artal way. Point and click. >> You are still copying and pasting with your human fingers. >> Yeah. >> Okay. This is a great super practical process. Um I'm even thinking about ways I can do this to identify future podcast go guests or um topics that people might want to see. So you've given me some inspiration. I'm going to ask you two wrap-up questions and then get you out of here back into your terminal. First question, I was reading your 2025 predictions and you said this is going to be the year we see a 30 person hundred million dollar company and I'm curious when you in your mind's eye when you imagine that company what is it who's in it? Like what are they doing? How are they operating? What do you imagine that company looks like? >> Yeah, I think it's probably there's a CEO who's a product person. There's an engineering team of 12 to 15 and then there's probably a couple of customer support rail people and maybe there's a salesperson maybe who's closing some of those bigger contracts and then a solutions architect as a function of the kind of company but it will be predominantly software engineering and then I think the go to market motion is PLG bottoms up just massive adoption >> and do you think those software engineers are largely still focused on product building or do you imagine that those software engineers are also enabling the company with tooling and automations and figuring out how one salesperson can do the work of 20? I'm just curious how you think that's going to shake out. >> Oh, absolutely. I think that's right. I mean uh you we were we were kind of talking about this but like the ability of a person to come up with a demo and then use AI to critique the demo and test uh is now so fast and the ability to take that code and basically move it into production really quickly is also incredibly fast. So I do think there will be a pretty significant like internal platforms enablement function and whether that's kind of 20% time for a bunch of engineers or a dedicated team of two or three people huge amount of leverage there. >> Yeah, I I completely agree. Okay. And then last question when your AI is grading you unfairly or writing terribly or making very long transitions that do not um sound like you, what is your prompting technique to get AI to listen? I have two AIs duke it out. And so I have like a little example of like this is the input, this is the output that you gave me, this is the output that I want and then I have Gemini and Claw duke it out and finally kind of decide on um and I'll use a little script to do that where they'll finally polish a script. It doesn't work all of the time, but I do think switching models helps a ton. It it creates a level of generalizability that uh I haven't been able to replicate as a human. I I agree and I will give you a how I AI tip from a previous uh previous guest Hillary who like negs the models to each other. So they're like Gemini look at this garbage. >> No way. >> How to And then they're like Claude look at this trash open AI gave me like surely you can do better than this. That's what she calls it mean girls. She's like I mean girls the models and get them to compete with each other. And maybe you can create a a a Python-based terminal script to to do that and then share it with with our audience, open source that thing. >> Uh great great idea for a weekend project this Saturday. >> Well, this is so helpful. Uh where can we find you? How can we be helpful to you? >> Oh, I'm on totneous.com and uh if you're starting a company within the AI ecosystem, I'd love to hear from you. >> Great. Well, thank you so much for being here. >> Thanks for having me, Clary. >> Thanks so much for watching. If you enjoyed this show, please like and subscribe here on YouTube, or even better, leave us a comment with your thoughts. You can also find this podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or your favorite podcast app. Please consider leaving us a rating and review, which will help others find the show. You can see all our episodes and learn more about the show at howiipod.com. See you next time.